
Hana was born in South Ethiopia, and spent her first year of life between two orphanages in Ethiopia and was subsequently hospitalized upon arrival to the United States in 2008.
Her story is HERE.
Understandably, she was a very strong, emotionally stoic infant who rarely cried in sorrow but frequently expressed outbursts of disapproval/frustration. She was malnourished, physically ill with multiple infectious diseases including varicella and scabies, which essentially desensitized her sense of touch as the bugs crawled all over her skin non-stop (enough to drive anyone, literally, crazy). She was emotionally deprived of affection and love and was accustomed to a very rigid and regimented orphanage routine with no allowances for variations in preferences or personality.

By the time we got her, she was completely desensitized, emotionally disconnected, totally institutionalized, had a mild cognitive delay, and was operating in “survival mode.” Survival mode consisted of “not needing anyone” and having the ability to tolerate very noxious stimuli. Although we were aware of her risk factors for
reactive attachment disorder (
among other issues), her superficial charm , unrestrained/indiscriminate affection, and the severity of her obvious physical health problems made it difficult to effectively evaluate her emotional health fully.
Nonetheless, our first line of business was getting her physically healthy and thriving. Physician visits, hospitalizations, medications, dietitians, and everything she needed physically to survive and thrive was our priority. This process was not very conducive for healing the emotional wounds – as hospitals and treatments can be uncomfortable, so the emotional healing was further delayed.

After she was on the road to physical recovery we felt the need to immerse her in a community of emotional support and intellectual stimuli. As mentioned in a prior post, we were
huge advocates of daycare which served our family so well. Eager to realize the same positive results with Hana, we put her in a great preschool program with her older brother. With new rules and expectations, she resisted and was immediately reluctant to embrace this “new” concept of ”village” day-care. She possessed characteristics of an aloof child – disconnected and detached – and being made to interact and share were foreign concepts to this 15 month old. And while she did VERY well in daycare, her attachment to the family seemed to wane…
Being a part of a family (understandably) did not come naturally for her, so she had to be ‘taught’ and expected to ‘practice’ until it was ‘normal’. She resisted this by not talking, not coming out of her room, and not interacting with the family. She was content to stay in her room (with no food or water) for very long stretches of time. Initially, in an attempt to help her determine her own rate of development, we let her set her own schedule. But when it became clear that she wasn’t necessarily following her body’s natural urges, but rather “accepting the discomfort” of hunger, pain, and loneliness, we forced her to discontinue that behavior.
In retrospect, Hana displayed signs of
reactive attachment disorder early on. She always seemed very happy to ext
![IMG00080[1]](http://tayloredcurriculum.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/img000801.jpg?w=300&h=225)
ernal people. Unbeknownst to the ‘average’ non-adoptive family, Hana was always “auditioning” for a “new” adoptive family, ‘just in case this new family thing didn’t work out’ (demonstrating that she didn’t see us as her forever family). This was evident as we observed her behind closed doors to be confused, in pain, resentful, angry, frustrated, afraid, skeptical, defiant, and we could see the sadness in her eyes and behavior. When she was feeling afraid, or unsure, she went inside of herself…and developed an attitude of “I don’t care about you guys, so leave me alone.” At times we questioned her ability to hear, and considered deeper cognitive developmental delays. When all testing failed to demonstrate *significant* deficits, she continued to display lack-luster intellectual performance.
After a few months in daycare/preschool it became obvious that Hana required MORE time with her FAMILY and less time with *everyone else* where she could begin bonding with us.
Based on our research, it was recommended that we limit Hana’s external contacts until she could realize the difference between “family” and “other people.” So we pulled her out of daycare and kept her home with us.
Every year we reevaluated her development and watched her become more attached to us. She continued to display classic signs of RAD, but as the years passed, they have become much more subtle. She still can be very
superficially charming and inappropriately affectionate, but these episodes are very intermittent, and we (all of us) have made tremendous progress in bonding our family.

We are now looking at allowing her to attend public kindergarten. I still believe that there are tons of
huge advantages to attending school, especially for a young child. And while the drawbacks outweighed the benefits for Hana initially due to her early life circumstances, I am excited to see if by Fall she’ll be ready to experience the many benefits with less risk.
Hana has been SO looking forward to going off to school for years as she watched her older sister and brother shop for new clothes, school-supplies, lunch boxes…and have classroom performances and make friends complete with play-dates and birthday party invites!! With so many little girls worldwide wishing to attend school…we would LOVE to see Hana have the opportunity. After being home for 4 years alone with both parents with a once a week gymnastics class, once a month social
Jack and Jill event, and days out for lunch with Grandma or Grandpa, she’s ready to have a pool of “strangers” to connect with, new friends to make and new adventures to enjoy.
So we have applied for acceptance for Hana into the local Charter Academy, and we will participate in the kindergarten round-up for the local public school that was attended by her big sister and brother….
...we think that Hana will thrive at the local Public School (as her Brother and Sister did before her). AND by allowing the wonderful teachers (who we now know very well) to teach (and love on) Hana we continue to tailor our parenting to serve the unique needs of each child.